Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction. For example, to map data from a boundary around a centerline, introduce a cylindrical system, and use those coordinate system variables to define the source and destination map. If the structural boundary conditions are not axisymmetric, we can save time by performing an axisymmetric thermal analysis in one component, and then mapping the temperature from the 2D axisymmetric domain to the 3D domain for structural analysis in another component. Add a distribution for the wall diaphragm and enter 60 for the number of elements. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. To explore the use of General Extrusion operators in other types of situations, consult the following blog posts: By providing your email address, you consent to receive emails from COMSOL AB and its affiliates about the COMSOL Blog, and agree that COMSOL may process your information according to its Privacy Policy. I have a 1D model (time dependent) and a 2D model (stationary). Clear the selection and add the middle strut, then change the expression from stage 1 to stage 2 to activate it only when the depth moves below the second strut. A symmetry is used because the modeled excavation is only the right half of the full excavation. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. General Extrusions makes simple and intricate aluminum shapes through both long and short production runs. There are some models. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. listed if standards is not an option). Several cases are illustrated in the table below. Thank you Walter for a wonderful discussion. The General Extrusion operator is used to define the velocity field in all three periodic domains. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. It is really a helpful example. General Extrusion, Linear Extrusion . The Shockley diode equation for the current-voltage (I-V) relation is used at the junction. To map the solution from one domain into the other domains that are offset by a known displacement along the x-axis, the destination map uses the expression x-Disp for the x-expression. Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). The periodic velocity field, indicated by the arrows, is solved in one domain and mapped into the others. listed if standards is not an option). Today, we have discussed how to use General Extrusion operators to create mappings for copying variables from one part of a simulation domain to another. Welcome to General Extrusions Inc. In the results, how is Point 2 related to the general extrusion? We were the first North American aluminum extruder to achieve ISO 9002 Certification. If excavating close to a retaining wall, youre subjecting it to additional forces it was not originally designed for, and it may require subsequent support. We need to provide T_d and T_s, such that. One option involves a sweep of the geometry, removing the geometry (excavation) one step at a time. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version Example 1 In our earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, we considered an affine mapping that pairs up points 1, 4, and 2 in the source domain to points 1, 5, and 3 in the destination domain. Several cases are illustrated in the table below. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. For such a unit cell model, the walls of the channels are set to the Wall, No Slip condition. This graph shows the wall deflection or horizontal displacement as a function of depth for different excavation steps. There are four sets of results showing the deformation of the soil and retaining wall, the plastic deformation, wall deflection, and the surface settlement. Take a look at the figure below. In these first two examples, the Use source map check box in the Source section of the settings window has been left unchecked. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. For the y-axis data, the expression is y, and for the x axis, the expression is u, with millimeters as units. Take a look at the figure below. As the soil is removed, the support it supplies is removed as well, subjecting the retaining wall to soil stresses from the non-excavated side. Note that the operator name is kept to its default: genext1. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this . Left: Temperature varies linearly from left to right. A little calculus gives us the arc length of the parabola between the origin and the source point (x,y). General Extrusions, Inc. continues its tradition as a leading manufacturer of aluminum extrusions where quality always comes first. In the course of building multiphysics models, we often encounter situations in which the solution to one physics is periodic or very nearly so while the solutions to other physics of interest are nonperiodic. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. Extrusion operators are used to construct pointwise relations between source and destination points. The boundary load applies a force on the excavation side of the retaining wall, equal to (and therefore negating) the in-situ stresses, for any part of the wall that is below the virtual excavation depth. Online Support Center: https://www.comsol.com/support Any affine transformation can be expressed as the sum of a linear transformation and a translation operation. For the final part of the physics set up, we are going to add five boundary loads to the model. I tried to use your method but I failed. Although it is not strictly necessary to do so, the mesh is copied from the one domain used to solve for the fluid flow to all of the other domains. Now suppose we would like to evaluate the temperature at one point of the rotating wafer. The settings for this feature are illustrated below. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. Ce consentement peut tre retir tout moment. Currently we are ISO 9001 certified. Each side of the junction becomes a source entity in one of the extrusion operators, as depicted below. listed if standards is not an option). Ce consentement peut tre retir tout moment. Email: support@comsol.com. Image by IX-factory STK Own work, via Wikimedia Commons. The first boundary load is added for the horizontal soil boundaries. Why are all the domains selected? Box 3488 Youngstown, OH 44513. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. In this instance, that relationship is given by. Lets consider a point on the disk at a distance of 0.5 inches from the center of the disk located at (0,0). If we know this ahead of time, it is possible to exploit the periodicity to reduce computational requirements. En fournissant votre adresse email, vous acceptez de recevoir des emails de COMSOL AB et de ses filiales propos du Blog COMSOL, et acceptez que COMSOL traite vos informations conformment sa Politique de confidentialit. As the excavation deepens, three struts are activated using a ramp function, and boolean expressions. Now that the velocity field is defined throughout the modeling domain, the species concentration at the inlet is defined via the Inflow boundary condition. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. Thank you! Rename the third strut to finish off the physics set up. Now we will use the operators in the physics nodes to implement the boundary conditions. Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). The model in question is called Laser Heating of a Silicon Wafer, and can be found in the Model Gallery. General Extrusions specializes in providing secondary fabrication operations to transition an aluminum extrusion to a finished component. Phone: (330) 783 0270 Fax: (330) 788 1250 Email: sales@genext.com P.O. Good luck First add a size node to make sure the mesh is finer. listed if standards is not an option). Therefore, we have, Now we need to find the constants a,b,c,d,e, and f. Since source points (0, 0); (1.0, 0); and (0, 1.0) correspond respectively to destination points at (0, 0); (1.5, 0); and (0, 1.5), we get. The source domain(s) can be the domain(s) on which the destination point(s) are defined. COMSOL Multiphysics(r) fan, retired, former "Senior Expert" at CSEM SA (CH), Topology Optimization Electric Motor: General extrusion, Accessing Nonlocal Variables with Linear Extrusion Operators, How to Compute Distances Between Objects in COMSOL Multiphysics, Galleria dei Modelli e delle App di Simulazione, 2023 da COMSOL. I am trying to use the same for droplet evaporation. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version In an upcoming blog post, we will walk you through how to use the operator to map cross-sectional data from one or several cross sections onto another cross section for geometries where the cross section dimensions do not change over the length of interest. Note: This discussion is about an older version of the COMSOLMultiphysics software. Now you know how to use the General Extrusion coupling operator to probe a solution at a moving point. The other option is to start with the already excavated geometry, and simulate the excavation using a boundary load. Where might you use it in your multiphysics modeling? Sometimes, we may want to access an integral, average, maximum, or minimum over a source line, surface, or volume. this defines if you should us a linear or general Extrusion or Projection This can be useful for analysis; for example, to probe the solution at a point that is moving in time but is associated with a stationary geometry. In this example, one expression is sufficient enough to uniquely relate any destination point in the square domain to a source point on the parabolic curve. I have the other model, where i would need this variable u, but this time, it is a 2D model, non time dependent. Note: This discussion is about an older version of the COMSOL Multiphysics . To start a new discussion with a link back to this one, click here. Schematic diagram of COMSOL coupling with external code RMC. First a mapped mesh for the retaining wall domain. This moving load is then transformed into the rotating coordinate system via the General . The results of the analysis, including the concentration and the mapped velocity field, are depicted below. As you can see, they are in the same location but are different boundaries. It is also possible to define the mapping in terms of coordinate systems. Currently we are ISO 9001 certified. I hope I have not missed it. We begin by adding the General Extrusion coupling operator from the definitions toolbar as shown in the screenshot below: The company produces standard and custom aluminum extrusions for manufacturers in the appliance, medical equipment, transportation, and automotive markets, among others. The Linear Extrusion operator defines a linear extrusion that maps between geometric parts of the same dimension. As the excavation reaches their depths, the struts are activated as long as the horizontal wall deflection is greater than what we allow it to be. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). Second, I used the defined the Variable Disp three times as in the images above but with different values (with increments in the periodic direction specified) while the destination map setting had as input z-Disp as suggested above but I got the error Error in multiphysics compilation. Duplicate parameter/variable name. Linear Extrusion operators are easier to build, but their utility is limited to affine transformations.General Extrusion operators are more general but take more work to define. FIGURE 1. Thanks for replying. Extruding Data Along a Direction It will always be requested to be evaluated at the destination coordinates entered in the settings of the General Extrusion coupling operator. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. General Extrusions, Inc. produces aluminum extrusions in compliance with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) requirements. At any given time, the (x, y, z) coordinates of this point are given by: (0.5[in]*cos(t), 0.5[in]*sin(t), 2.75e-4[m]), where is the angular velocity of the rotating wafer disk. To begin, lets focus on how to replicate a Linear Extrusion operator with a General Extrusion operator. The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. Several cases are illustrated in the table below. For example, to map data from a boundary around a centerline, introduce a cylindrical system, and use those coordinate system variables to define the source and destination map. Note that V refers to the electric potential at a point on the top side while genext2(V) refers to the electric potential vertically on the bottom side. An example of defining such a rotation matrix is detailed in this previous blog post. Lets consider a laser heating example where you have a moving heat source, the laser, and a moving geometry. You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. COMSOL Multiphysics will take care of T_s^{-1}(T_d(x_d,y_d)), a necessary step in identifying the source coordinates. The stator boundary 33 is used as the source boundary in the General Extrusion operator. the destination map, not sure what the source frame should be. Extrusion operators can be used to make couplings between points in the same component or different components. 50K views 6 years ago Creating Geometries in COMSOL Multiphysics: Tutorial Series COMSOL Multiphysics contains a handful of tools to quickly and easily convert 2D planar geometries into 3D. For meshing the model, sometimes an automatic mesh is sufficient, but we want to make our own for this model to improve convergence on the soil-wall boundary. Add a second distribution for the bottom boundary, and enter 2 for the number of elements. The settings for the General Extrusion operator and the definitions of the variable in the three domains. Because the source entities are different, two operators are needed. An Outlet boundary condition is applied at the other end. Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. If the mapping is affine, it is sufficient to know how some points in the source correspond to points in the destination entity. Within their design, a common goal is to achieve optimal mixing within a small surface area, hence the serpentine channel. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. I would try to clarify further if necessary. have some questions. Thus, the latter quantity from a source point P_s needs to be copied to the destination entity. so we choose 0.6 to be on the safe side. Within the original domain, a displacement of zero is used. General extrusion is one way to couple. In fact, a shortcut can be made by using the expression genext2(V)-genext1(V) for the voltage difference, regardless of which side it is being applied. The following types of Extrusion Coupling Operators are available: Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. Once a strut is activated, it will generate a force proportional to the struts stiffness and the horizontal displacement. listed if standards is not an option). A pressure constraint at a single point is used to gauge fix the pressure field. The same transforms can be implemented in three dimensions. These are the parameters we will be using later on, which represent in-situ stresses, properties of the metal struts, excavation steps, along with a couple other related parameters. It can be used for a variety of different purposes, examples of which are presented here. Both cases involve mapping between points that share the same x-coordinate.
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